A sub-group of the habitation names are those surnames that derive from the name of a farmstead, which often was owned by the family at the time when the surname was taken/formed. There were, of course, some farmhands who acquired surnames from the farmstead where they were employed, but these cases are exceptions.
 The location of the farmstead  The majority of the names have their origin in their location in relation to the nearby village, secondary their location within the parish. This means that many farmsteads were identified as 'the farmstead north of the village' or 'the new farmstead', and therefore named 'Nørregaard' or 'Nygaard'. Although the farmstead (or its location) is rather easy to pinpoint in connection with the name of the specific village or parish, it does, however, make identification impossible if you only have the name to go by.
Damgaard, Damsgaard |
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located by the (village) Pond |
Enggaard |
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located near or in the meadow |
Gammelgaard |
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"the old farmstead" |
Hedegaard |
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located near or in a heath area |
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located by the Church (supporting the vicarage) |
Kjærgaard, Kjærsgaard |
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located by the (village) Pond |
Nygaard, Nyegaard |
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"the new farmstead" |
Nørgaard, Nordgaard, Nørregaard |
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located north of the village |
Mølgaard, Møllergaard |
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the millers farmstead |
Skovgaard |
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located in or near the woods |
Storgaard |
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"the large farmstead" |
Søgaard, Søegaard |
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located by the lake |
Søndergaard, Søndregaard |
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located south of the village |
Vestgaard, Vestergaard |
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located west of the village |
Østgaard, Østergaard |
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located east of the village |
Aagaard |
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located near the stream |
Other names of farmsteads are: Abildgaard, Bakkegaard, Bjerregaard, Bredgaard, Bundgaard, Dahlgaard, Dalgaard, Dalsgaard, Elgaard, Hovgaard, Højgaard, Højsgaard, Ladegaard, Langgaard, Løkkegaard, Lundgaard, Nedergaard, Nedregaard, Overgaard, Piilgaard, Pilegaard, Pilgaard, Provstgaard, Præstegaard, Skovgaard, Stengaard, Storgaard, Strandgaard
These names only refer to farms of a certain size as smallholdings rarely had a name.
The number of farmsteads would, of course, vary from parish to parish. Only a few of the names mentioned above would be found near the same village, mixed in with a vicarage, a mill, several houses and perhaps a couple of farmsteads with unique names.
Unique names Another example is the surname Mariegaard. All carriers of this surname can trace their origin back to either Mariegaard in Børglum Parish, Hjørring County or to Mariegaard in Broager Parish, Sønderborg County.
If a farm is well-known, the next owners might also acquire their surname from the same farm, thus establishing two independent branches of the same name. An example is the farm of Rokholm in Vraa Parish, Aalborg County, where two subsequent owners acquired their surname from this farm. |
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